file= WGPMS THEATER MUSIC LIBRARY ASSOCIATION BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL COMMITTEE WORKING GROUP ON POPULAR MUSIC AUTHORITY SOURCES Sources for Musical Theatre Vincel Jenkins Note: "Musical theatre" as a popular music genre here includes musical comedy, musical play, revue, operetta, vaudeville, burlesque, minstrelsy, and film musical. Biographical Dictionary of Russian/Soviet Composers. Allan Ho, Dmitry Feofanov, chief eds. New York: Greenwood, 1989. 739 p. Index, discog. Musical theatre represents a small percentage of this book, but its thoroughness and uniqueness qualify it for inclusion here. Entries for over 2,000 Russian and Soviet composers include those born in the former USSR, including names more closely associated with other countries (e.g., Irving Berlin and Dmitri Tiomkin), and some foreign-born immigrants. Many cross-references are provided and entries provide alternate spellings. Vital-date discrepancies are acknowledged to arise from the different calenders used in the West and in Soviet countries, and the authors attempt to reconcile the differences. Composers' names are accompanied by worklists, bibliographies, discographies, and comments on style. Many entries are written by scholars of Russian music or related topics. The Biographical Encyclopaedia & Who's Who of the American Theatre. Walter Rigdon, ed. New York: Heineman, 1966, c1965. 1101 p. The "who's who" dictionary (3,350 names), necrology (9,000 names), and 20 additional pages of theatre group and theatre building histories dominate this volume. The building entries are by far the briefest, but include name changes for each theatre and cross-references from those names as entries. Personal name information for Americans or those important to American theatre includes original names, birth dates, and career digests detailing work in theatre, films, and television. The necrology has an international scope; it gives stage name, original name, profession, dates and places of birth and death, and age at death. The second (1976) edition, Notable Names in the American Theatre (Raymond D. McGill, editor), is similar in arrangement and scope. Revisions include new names, personal data unavailable for the earlier edition, and updates for names having migrated to the necrology since publication of the first edition. Bloom, Ken. American Song: The Complete Musical Theatre Companion. New York: Facts on File, 1985. 2 v. Bloom's set is "complete" in the sense of an encyclopedia of production and cast data, but lacks biographical information such as performers' vital dates. However, 16,000 entries in the name index (volume 2) identify professions, creative and technical, of everyone mentioned in the alphabetical show list (nearly 3,300 entries) in volume 1, as well as corporate names. The 42,000-title song index gives access to lyricists, composers, and songwriting teams. Each show listed in volume 1 is designated as musical, revue, or play with music. Bloom covers "all Broadway, off- Broadway, and off-off-Broadway productions from 1900 to summer 1984," and vaudeville, burlesque, English and French productions of major American composers' shows, and some regional theatre. Burton, Jack. The Blue Book of Broadway Musicals. New York: Century House, 1952. 320 p. Index. This venerable study of the musical has spawned many more recent works, but it is still a reliable catalog of the American musical stage from "The Beggar's Opera" (1751) to Arthur Schwartz's "A Tree Grows in Brooklyn," including some ice shows. It is a fairly comprehensive production calendar through 1952 with complete song lists for the shows included, so it remains useful as a source for name and works verification, even though biographical detail is absent. Chapters are designated by decade (pre-1900 to 1940- 1952); each is arranged alphabetically by composer (whose names are in direct order in large, bold print), and each composer's work chronologically under his name. A typical show entry gives title, genre ("musical comedy", "revue", "musical fantasy", "operetta"), creative credits and principal cast, and song list, with extra composers noted for appropriate tunes. The second (1969?) and third (1974?) editions add "New Broadway shows, 1951-1969" and "New Broadway shows, 1969- 1973," respectively. Dates are included for composers, but only the most prominent; lesser-known writers are grouped under "Miscellaneous scores," arranged by year, with credits for music and lyrics only, and song lists. Burton, Jack. The Blue Book of Hollywood Musicals. Watkins Glen, N.Y.: 1953. 296 p. Index. Burton lists film musicals by year since the 1927-1928 season, including those in which "songs play an important part," feature films with songs, westerns with songs, and feature-length cartoons with songs. Each category is alphabetical by film title; each film entry includes production company, principal cast, directing and writing credits, and song lists with individual creative credits as appropriate. Busby, Roy. British Music Hall: An Illustrated Who's Who from 1850 to the Present Day. London: Paul Elek, 1976. 191 p. Individual and team entries are listed in a single dictionary order with cross-references. Entries are a few lines to a half-page long (many with portraits). Biographical sketches include a specific descriptive phrase identifying the kind of entertainer; birth dates and places are given if available, and alternate names (for perhaps 375-400 entries) as well as career highlights. Contemporary Theatre, Film, and Television. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Research, v. 1- (1984- ). This continuing series covers several professional catagories (producers, performers, composers, writers, etc.) as well as types of technicians and business people that could provide useful biographical sketches for authority work, but the coverage is thin (only 5200 entries in 8 volumes) for such a broad professional field, and not comprehensive for lesser-known names. The series is the continuation of Who's Who in the Theatre: A Biographical Record of the Contemporary Stage (17th ed. issued in 1981) and contains a cumulative index with references to the Who's Who set as well as Who Was Who in the Theatre, 1912-1976 (4 v., compiled from Who's Who in the Theatre, v. 1-15) which renders it more useful. A typical entry provides name, profession, vital dates, biographical information, roles, and credits. The Who's Who set is more helpful in identifying producers and others with executive or business roles who are often not included in biographical sources for entertainers. Craig, Warren. Sweet and Lowdown: America's Popular Song Writers. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1978. 643 p. Bibl., indexes. Craig focuses on popular song writers, well-known and unknown, from 1830 through the Brill Building era, specifically excluding rock'n'roll and country music, but including musicals, movies, and television. Writers, most from the post-Tin Pan Alley period, appear alphabetically with vital dates and biographical information, the names and dates of their most popular tunes (identified with the parent musical or revue, if appropriate), and some obscure songs which, in Craig's opinion, deserve wider public acknowledgment. In his preface material, Craig lists errors he perceives in the standard popular music reference sources, which he intends to rectify. Indexes include names and song titles. De Lerma, Dominique-Ren. Bibliography of Black Music. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1981. 4 v. Indexes. (Greenwood Encyclopedia of Black Music). Vol. 2, Afro-American Idioms, includes a section on minstrelsy and an index to more than 150 individuals, some with dates, and ensembles mentioned in the section's bibliographical list of 400 titles. Enciclopedia dello spettacolo. Rome: Casa Editrice de Maschere, 1954-1962. 9 v. Aggiornamento, 1955-1965. (1966); Appendice de aggiornamento. Cinema (1963); Indice repertorio (1968). This monumental encyclopedia for the performing arts covers Europe and America. Among its 30,000 wide-ranging alphabetical entries are articles on composers, actors, singers, choreographers, impressarios, producers, directors, acting companies and organizations, critics, historians, theatre, movies, vaudeville, and more, dating from antiquity. The Aggiornamento supplement is composed principally of biographies not found in the main set, and supercedes the Cinema volume. The index volume is essentially only a title list; names are inaccessible alphabetically and title entries give neither volume nor page numbers. Ewen, David. New Complete Book of the American Musical Theatre. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. 800 p. Index. Although Ewen's primary intent is a history of the American musical (complete with story synopses of over 300 productions), he includes a 125-page biography section covering actors, composers, writers, and lyricists from 1866 to 1970. Entries include profession, birth date, and an informal biographical summary. Some personalities are discussed as members of songwriting teams with whom they were closely associated. Earlier editions were entitled Complete Book of the American Musical Theatre. Gnzl, Kurt. The Blackwell Guide to the Musical Theatre on Record. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell, 1990. 547 p. Index. (Blackwell Reference). Gnzl's reviews are helpful in identifying less prominent writers, performers, and musicals if they have ever been captured on record. He does discuss better-known personalities and successful works, but leans slightly toward the obscure. The first section covers any modern recordings of French, Austrian, German, and Hungarian operettas of the 19th and 20th centuries, English productions of the Gilbert and Sullivan era, and pre-war British and American works, as long as they appear under their own name. The second section is devoted to shows appearing during the modern LP era, to 1988. Gnzl emphasizes original cast and revival recordings, including those of foreign-language casts, but excludes studio cast efforts. Writers are discussed attentively, actors are merely mentioned; but the index is heavy with personal names, including many from outside the United States. Gnzl, Kurt. The British Musical Theatre. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. 2 v. Indexes. Gnzl covers the musical in Britain, i.e., shows having appeared in London's West End or those opening in Paris or Vienna that are in the character of the British musical. His thorough discussion encompasses composers, writers, producers, complete original casts and characters, revival casts, theatres, added songs, films, television productions, and "videograms" (if available), arranged by year, 1865 to 1984. Dates and other biographical data are scant, but the completeness of personnel for shows outside the U.S. and historical breadth are this set's chief advantages. Each volume has its own index featuring names, theatres, and shows, including differing altered titles of revisions and revivals. Gnzl, Kurt, and Andrew Lamb. Gnzl's Book of the Musical Theatre. New York: Schirmer, 1989. 1353 p. Indexes. Gnzl and Lamb discuss over 300 musicals, light operas and related forms (like zarzuelas), revivals, and principal performers in the U.S. (1890-1983); Great Britain (1728-1987); France (l853- 1980); Austria, Germany, and Hungary (1865-1964); and Spain (1874- 1932). The plot synopses and song lists are this book's strengths; no biographical information is evident and the authors are selective about the shows they include. But their international coverage proves useful in identifying theatrical names, especially from outside the U.S.; in firmly linking replaced songs with their parent show titles; and in tracking show titles as they are changed (from the original or uniform title version) for revised stage productions and film versions. Gilbert, Douglas. American Vaudeville, Its Life and Times. New York: Dover, 1963, c1940. 428 p. Index. Gilbert is a respected historian on the Vaudeville era and his book is considered a standard. His appendix, "Fifty Years of Standard Acts, 1880-1930," alphabetically lists over 600 individuals and acts under their professional names, with a word or phrase describing the kind of act (e.g., Alhambra Sextet, song and dance; Boreo, Emile, French comic singer). The index includes performance venues and additional names, but dates and other biographical detail are incidental. Green, Stanley. Encyclopaedia of the Musical Film. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988, c1981. 344 p. Bibl., discog. Companion volume to Green's musical theatre book (see below). He covers selected persons, shows, and songs from Hollywood and the British film industry, as well as some original television musicals; he excludes cowboy/western, documentary, and foreign- language musicals and scores from silent movies. Name entries for individuals and teams provide professional and original names, professions, vital dates, brief career descriptions and credits summaries. Green lists actors, on-camera musicians, composers, lyricists, producers, directors, and choreographers; additional names, such as authors of original sources, may be found in the creative credits under show entries, but are not given separate alphabetical entries, so they are difficult to locate except through the show name. Show entries also include principal cast members (including singers whose voices were dubbed for actors on the screen) and songs (including those cut before release). The appendices include a list of title changes for U.S. productions renamed in England, and vice versa. Allen Woll's Songs from Hollywood Musical Comedies, 1927 to the Present (see below) is more comprehensive about composers of songs in American movie musicals, but offers scant biographical data and confines his interest to U.S. productions. Green, Stanley. Encyclopedia of the Musical Theatre. New York: Da Capo, 1980. 492 p. Bibl., discog. Subtitle: "An updated reference guide to over 2000 performers, writers, directors, productions, and songs of the musical stage, both in New York and London." A good single-volume reference work on musical theatre in English, but dated and less comprehensive for show titles than for personalities. Green includes producers, composers, lyricists, etc. He excludes vaudeville, minstrel acts, Gilbert and Sullivan, and foreign-language musicals. Revisions and brief addenda for this Da Capo edition update Green's information through 1979. Name entries provide original names and nicknames, dates and professional credits. Originally published as: Encyclopaedia of the Musical Theatre. (Dodd, Mead, 1976). Halliwell, Leslie. Halliwell's Filmgoer's Companion. 9th ed. New York: Scribner's, 1988. 786 p. Bibl., indexes. Also published as Halliwell's Filmgoer's and Video Viewer's Companion (Perennial, 1990). The author's intent is a general film dictionary, including many biographical sketches of singers, vaudevillians, lyricists, composers, producers, writers, and others involved in movies, either musical and otherwise. Some name entries are extremely brief, but generally include at least original name, vital dates, and some descriptive phrase or notable credits to distinguish the name. Foreign performers and films are represented. Occasional essays on thematic film concepts (e.g.: death, falling, social conscience) and film genre (e.g., musical) appear in the alphabetical listing. Highfill, Philip H., Jr., Kalmin A. Burnim and Edward A. Langhans. A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers & Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660- 1800. Carbondale, Ill.: Southern Illinois University Press, 1973- [14 v.]. This work-in-progress features biographies of any "members of theatrical companies or occasional players who performed on stage" in London between the time of the Restoration Court of Charles II and the end of the 1799-1800 season--about 8,400 people, although the 14th volume ends amidst the "T"s. The scope encompasses mostly British and western European entertainers and technicians of all kinds. Many cross-references from variant names are provided. Hummel, David. Collector's Guide to the American Musical Theatre. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1984. 2 v. This standard discographical reference tool arranges shows alphabetically in one volume and indexes names in the second. Hummel includes musicals of American origin, British shows that have played in this country, and English-language versions of foreign productions. Besides identifying each show's creative personnel (including authors of revue sketches), cast (when available), and vital statistics (date, city, and theatre of opening, etc.), Hummel provides alternate show names, songs unused in production or added to revivals, original sources for a musical's book, and revival and off-Broadway information. Recordings (original cast, foreign productions, film versions, revivals) are listed. Preface materials furnish brief discographies or discussions of the Australian, British, and Canadian musical. International Motion Picture Almanac. New York: Quigley, 1956- . Of most use for authority work are the sections entitled "Who's Who in Motion Pictures and Television" (approx. 350 p. per issue); "Corporations"; and "Motion Picture Organizations." The alphabetized "Who's Who" section of approximately 4,000 entries covers all aspects of the industry. A typical entry provides professional name, occupation, place and date of birth if available, brief biographical information, and credits under stage, movie, and television categories. "Corporations" includes production and distribution companies with full name, function, and management personnel. "Organizations" includes unions, film clubs, associations,etc. A brief section in the back, "The Industry in Select Foreign Countries," discusses foreign movie organizations, major production companies, etc. The index includes corporate and organization names and subjects, but not personal names. International Television & Video Almanac. New York: Quigley, 1987-. Organized upon the same concept as the International Motion Picture Almanac, this serial features an extensive "Who's Who" section and distinct sections for televion and home video. The television section contains a listing of national and regional groups, organizations, and unions. The home video section provides directories of production companies, major retailers, and video trade organizations. International Who's Who in Music, and Musician's Directory. Cambridge, England: Melrose Press. 7th- ed. (1975- ). Preceded by: Who's Who in Music and Musician's International Directory. 1st-6th ed. New York: Hafner, 1935-1972. This series was established in 1935 and, since 1975, has appeared irregularly, every 2-5 years. Back issues can prove helpful, particularly in finding names that are not so prominent in other more recent publications. Those listed have returned questionnaires, a common practice for this kind of directory. Names appear and disappear from one edition to another, and editorial practices vary as well (e.g., in different editions, "Mc"s are located in different places in the alphabetical sequence). The scope is indeed international, but with an emphasis on United Kingdom musicians. A typical entry includes name, date and place of birth, biographical summary, awards, memberships, etc. John Willis' Theatre World. New York: Crown, 1973- v. 28 (1971 /72- ). Title varies: Theatre World, v. 1-6; Daniel Blum's Theatre World, v. 7-21; Theatre World, v. 22-27. Indexes. This is the yearbook for American theatre, published continuously since 1944. Each issue features nearly 1,000 two-to- three-line biographies for cast members from that year's productions, as well as 50 to 75 obituary notices for the year (with age and date of death). Season summaries for professional regional companies which have supplied information to the publisher are included. Kinkle, Roger D. The Complete Encyclopedia of Popular Music and Jazz, 1900-1950. New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1974. 4 v. Indexes. Vol. 1 is a chronology of the time period, listing Broadway musicals and credits for casts, writers, lyricists, and music; lyricists and composers of popular songs; movie musicals and credits for casts, composers, and lyricists, and some song titles; and representative recordings by popular and jazz artists. Vol. 2-3 contain biographical sketches (predominantly of jazz and popular performers) featuring birth dates and places and the subjects' work and appearances. Vol. 4 contains indexes and appendices. The indexes include many names that are not covered in the biographical volumes. Kosch, Wilhelm. Deutsches Theater-Lexikon: biographisches und bibliographisches Handbuch. Klagenfurt: F. Kleinmayr, 1953- 1960. 2 v. Kosch died in 1960 before this dictionary was finished; it ends in the "P"s. German and Austrian theatre in general was his focus. Entries range from minimal name and date information to article-length biographies and cover theatres, singers, composers, directors, actors, and dramatists. Among the several theatre works by Kosch, Deutsches Theater-Lexikon offers the most concentrated attention to the musical stage. Lewine, Richard, and Alfred Simon. Songs of the Theatre. New York: H.W. Wilson, 1984. 897 p. Indexes. This is a book of lists. The first edition (1973) was titled Songs of the American Theatre; the geographical scope of this edition is mainly New York City, but it covers 17,000 songs from 1,200 shows. Shows, songs, and composers/lyricists are all alphabetically compiled in their own indexes. There also is an index of films and television shows with dates, songwriters, and music, including songs dropped from or added to movie or television versions. The lack of biographical information characteristic of song lists persists in Lewine and Simon, but its usefulness lies in the inclusion of many names associated with songwriting who receive no mention in more general sources. Lynch, Richard Chigley. Broadway on Record: A Directory of New York Cast Recordings of Musical Shows, 1931-1986. New York: Greenwood, 1987. 347 p. Indexes. (Discographies; no. 28). __________. Movie Musicals on Record: A Directory of Recordings of Motion Picture Musical, 1927-1987. New York: Greenwood, 1989. 445 p. Indexes. (Discographies; no. 32). __________. TV and Studio Cast Musicals on Record: A Discography of Television Musicals and Studio Recordings of Stage and Film Musicals. New York: Greenwood, 1990. 330 p. Indexes. (Discographies; no. 38). Lynch casts a broad net--it seems few recorded musicals of any kind could have escaped his notice, yet omissions exist. In these three volumes, he is more current than Raymond (see below), but his criteria for selection is quirky. Broadway on Record includes no songs left off the original cast recordings, regardless of their importance on stage, whereas Movie Musicals includes performers added for the studio version; TV and Studio includes failed shows, ice shows, and several other categories and the some studio versions of live productions left out of Broadway on Record, but, of the three, suffers the most gaps because the large number of recordings necessitated selectivity. Song indexes for these volumes were editorially regarded as "too cumbersome" (Lynch recommends other standard reference sources, e.g., Bloom, Hummel, and Raymond to link specific shows with song titles); yet, performance and "technical" personnel indexes are provided. On the positive side, revivals and remakes are grouped with the originals. Credit information is limited to standard discographical detail, but Lynch lists names of extra songwriters if the production was a composite effort (as in the case of revues and movie soundtracks employing a number of writers), and he identifies singers who "dub" for the non-singing actors on film when the information is available. Song lists link songs with singers. Mapp, Edward. Directory of Blacks in the Performing Arts. 2nd. ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1990. 594 p. Bibl., index. "A single volume ready reference source of information on black performing artists in film, television, radio, theatre, dance and musical performance" (Preface). This edition revises the first (Scarecrow, 1978) and adds 300 new names, including groups, of international scope, living and dead. Name, nickname, profession, vital dates, brief biographical sketch, and credits (film, recording, television, theatre) comprise each entry. Mapp furnishes cross-references from professional names to real names unless the real name is particularly obscure; if so, the real name is included in the entry under the more familiar stage name. He also provides a brief directory of organizations relevant to blacks in the fields he has covered. Music Index: A Subject-Author Guide to Music Periodical Literature. Warren, Mich.: Harmonie Park Press, 1949- . Issued monthly; compiled annually through 1978; biannually 1979-1980 to 1987- 1988; annually 1989- . Music Index covers more than 350 periodicals in all styles of music from 20 countries. Such international coverage allows access to many names, both personal and corporate, that do not regularly appear in other music information sources. The index alone may not provide sufficient authority information, but it may serve as a guide to biographical periodical literature. Some cross- references from professional names to real names are evident (e.g., Pastor, Tony; real name, Antonio Pestritto). Musical America. International Directory of the Performing Arts. New York: ABC Consumer Magazines, 1974- . Indexes. Preceded by: Musical America. Directory of the Performing Arts. (1971/72-1973); Musical America. Annual Directory Issue. (1968/69-1971); High Fidelity/Musical America. Special Directory Issue (1966). Thousands of artists, production companies, ensembles, competitions, theatres, music schools, and more appear in each annual issue of this directory. Names appear under professional categories: instruments, voices, technical function, etc. One index is also arranged by these categories, the second alphabetically. No vital dates are provided, but full professional names are, and the functional headings under which they are organized aid in creating distinctive authorities for similar names. Nash, Jay Robert and Stanley Ralph Ross. The Motion Picture Guide. Chicago: Cinebooks, 1985-1987. 12 v. Index. The foreward proclaims this a "definitive and all- encompassing" catalog of more than 50,000 "English-speaking (and notable foreign) films released theatrically and on video cassette." The two-volume index lists over 300,000 names in direct order and an alternate title section. Arrangement of the main text is alphabetical by film title, with genre identification (musical comedy, animated feature, etc.), release data, complete casts and credits, including musical score or music/lyrics. Dates are provided, but this set, with yearbooks starting in 1986, is a primary source for locating the infrequently-covered names in film musicals and changed-title cross-references. Performing Arts Biography Master Index. 2nd ed. Barbara McNeil and Miranda C. Herbert, eds. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Research, 1981. 701 p. (Gale Biographical Index Series; no. 5). This much-expanded version of Theatre, Film and Television Biographies Master Index (Dennis La Beau, ed., 1979) indexes 110 biographical reference sources in the performing arts "readily available and widely held in most reference collections." Because the scope is expanded beyond that of the first edition to include popular and classical music, dance, and other arts like puppetry and magic, a broader population of entertainers is represented; and because of this specialization, this book is handier as a desk reference than Gale's multi-volume Biography and Genealogy Master Index, of which it is a supplement rather than a derivative. The sources it indexes are in English, mostly from American publishers. Over 200,000 entries are cited from as far back as Euripedes (c. 400 B.C.). Dates are sometimes featured in the index entry, which could obviate consulting the citation itself. Non-English names and a few corporate names are evident. Perry, Jeb H. Variety Obits: An Index to Obituaries in Variety, 1905-1978. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1980. 309 p. Perry calls Variety "one of the best sources of information on both the well-known and the more obscure show people who have died during the last seventy years" (p. vi). He includes in his alphabetical index names from production-related areas of minstrelsy, vaudeville, "legitimate" stage, motion pictures, television, and radio. He excludes business-related people and those in such professions as burlesque, cabaret, circus, night clubs, concert promotion, and record production. All main entries are professional names, followed by real names in parentheses if applicable, or professional alternate names, death age and date, a letter code for main profession title, and the Variety issue date and page number of the death notice. Perry collected his entries only from the obituary columns, and not from the news pages, and disclaims any effort to verify Variety's information through other sources. Pipers Enzyklopdie des Musiktheaters: Oper, Operette, Musical, Ballett. Carl Dahlhaus (et al.), eds. Munich: Pipers, 1986- 8 v. Index. Probably the most thorough source for the musical stage to date, this set provides composers' and writers' full and alternate names and vital dates, show information and stories, creative credits, song lists, casts and personal data, and much more. Individuals are cross-referenced to articles in which they are discussed, but the references include birthdates, so authority information is often available in a one-step lookup. Articles with bibliographies fill five volumes, two volumes contain definitions of terms, and another includes a combined index and supplement. Popular Music: An Annotated Index of American Popular Songs. Nat Shapiro, ed. New York: Adrian Press, 1964- . (Published since 1984 by Gale Research, ed. by Bruce Pollock). Popular Music, 1920-1979: A Revised Cumulation. Nat Shapiro and Bruce Pollock, eds. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Research, 1985. 3 v. Indexes. Popular Music, 1900-1919. Barbara Cohen-Stratyner, ed. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Research, 1988. 656 p. Indexes. The 1985 revised cumulation supercedes and improves Shapiro's six volumes (covering 1920-1969) with the addition of an index to lyricists and composers and a chronological index, and incorporates Pollock's vol. 7 and 8 (covering 1970-1979), which included these indexes originally, as do all subsequent volumes in the series. Entries are alphabetical by song title, with alternate titles, creative credits, publisher, copyright year, original performer(s) or hit-maker, and parent show or movie if applicable. "Important performances" indexes are organized into sections including Album, Movie, Musical, Opera, Operetta, Orchestra [for theme songs], Play, Radio show, Revue, or Television show. A separate list of publisher information is included, revised from the earlier editions. Popular Music, 1900-1919 is organized similarly with like indexes. Raymond, Jack. Show Music on Record: From the 1890s to the 1980s. New York: F. Ungar, 1982. 253 p. Indexes. Show Music on Record is a standard musical theatre discography valued for its comprehensive coverage of original and studio cast recordings from the theatre, films, and television. Its subtitle notes the addition of "composer performances and other collateral recordings" which note all recordings made of a given show. Coverage extends from pre-1890 into 1981. Raymond indexes performers, composers, authors, librettists, and conductors, but provides no song index. (Raymond's Show Music on Record, the First Hundred Years [Smithsonian Instution Press, 1992] was unavailable for inspection at this writing.) Rice, Edward LeRoy. Monarchs of Minstrelsy: From "Daddy" Rice to Date. New York City: Kenny Publishing, 1911. 366 p. Indexes. Facsimile reprint by LBS Archival Products, 1991. Nearly 1000 names, in nearly chronological order, with name index at the front, and portraits (also indexed). Individuals and teams are discussed. Biographical sketches, two lines to half a page, include stage names, nicknames, career summaries and highlights, place and date of birth, or date of death and age, depending on available data. "To date" means 1911, but Rice is of good practical historical usefulness. Rust, Brian, with Rex Bunnett. London Musical Shows on Record 1897- 1976. Harrow, Middlesex, England: General Gramophone Publications Ltd., c1977. 672 p. "An account of the recordings made between the beginning of disc-records in the 1890s, and 1975, the era of multi-track tape, quadraphonic sound and the reissue en masse of...the work of artists appearing in musical productions on the London stage during those eight decades" (Introduction). Entries are alphabetical by show title with theatre, opening date, creative credits, and principal cast. Names of those heard on the recordings appear in capital letters. The third section (p. 296-672) is an index of these names with their recordings, with accompanying person, body, etc., and conductor, and song titles with discographical data. The first section is a chronological list of shows opening in the period 1874 to 1975. Rust does not include dates for personnel, but for the London musical his work is useful for name verification or identification with specific songs. Sampson, Henry T. Blacks in Blackface: A Sourcebook on Early Black Musical Shows. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1980. 552 p. Index. In chapter 6, Sampson provides 125 pages of biographies of over 100 black performers of the early musical stage, including promoters and journalists who covered and reviewed the black theatre. Vital dates are often given. Slide, Anthony. The Vaudevillians: A Dictionary of Vaudeville Performers. Westport, Conn.: Arlington House, 1981. 172 p. Bibl. Vaudeville was one of several pre-cursors to musical theatre in America, approximately 1880 to l930. Slide furnishes over 170 biographical sketches for individuals, acts, or general entries (e.g., Freak acts, Dance teams) with vital dates, if available, and bibliographical references. Entries range from a few lines to a page and a half. Southern, Eileen. Biographical Dictionary of Afro-American and African Musicians. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, c1982. 478 p. Index. (Greenwood Encyclopedia of Black Music). Southern includes 1500 musicians of African descent, born between the mid-1600s and the mid-twentieth century, representing the spectrum of musical styles. Each name entry includes place and date of birth, occupation, career history, and brief discography/ bibliography. The index also lists individual names which have no entry of their own in the dictionary list, but which are found within the text of others' name entries. Taylor, John Russell, and Arthur Jackson. The Hollywood Musical. New York: McGraw-Hill, c1971. 278 p. Index. Taylor and Jackson's main purpose is history, but pages 158- 234 comprise a name dictionary featuring birth dates and locations, accomplishments, appearances, etc., for composers, actors, singers, band leaders, musicians, comedians, and stage teams appearing in musical films. Some death dates as late as December 1970 are included. Toll, Robert C. Blacking Up: The Minstrel Show in Nineteenth- Century America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1974. 310 p. Bibl., index. In the appendix to this history of minstrelsy, Toll includes the names of 108 19th-century minstrel troupes (plus four "Anons.") listed chronologically by their first appearances, with locations. There is also a lengthy bibliography that lists autobiographies, reminiscences, and primary and secondary sources for minstrelsy research of potential use in determining personal data for individual performers. White, Mark. You Must Remember This: Popular Songwriters 1900-1980. New York: Scribner's, 1985. 304 p. Bibl., indexes. A handy 1-volume desk reference, of a general nature but with many theatre composers represented. The "Index of Musical Shows and Films" lists about 750 entries. Many entries are sufficiently well- known to be found in larger sources, but several obscure writers are included, with full names and nicknames, cross- references, function (composer, author, singer, publisher, etc.), dates and biographical or career sketches, outstanding songs and dates, and songwriting partners or associates. Composers/lyricists index includes names found within others' entries but which do not have their own. Song and performer indexes are included. Who's Who in Entertainment. 1st ed., 1989-1990. Wilmette, Ill.: Marquis Who's Who. v. 1- (1988- ). This first edition contains 17,000 biographical sketches of musicians, actors, critics, choreographers, producers, composers, etc. Over two-thirds of these are lesser-known entertainment professionals. The rest are designated "high profile". Entries include business name (some with dates), original name, profession, credits, memberships, and awards. The sketches are reviewed, and probably submitted, by the biographees unless noted otherwise. Woll, Allen. Dictionary of the Black Theatre: Broadway, Off- Broadway, and Selected Harlem Theatre. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1983. 359 p. Bibl., indexes, discog. Part II is useful biographical information, with entries for personalities and organizations with dates (if available), life summaries, credits, and citations to sources. Coverage dates from the 1860s. Part I alphabetizes shows by or about blacks from 1898- 1981, with credits, complete casts and characters, songs if appropriate, and discussion. The names index lists many more names than appear in Part II, and there are play/film and song indexes as well. Woll's scope extends far beyond musical theatre, but his specificity to black performers is useful. An older source for black performers is Biographical Dictionary of Black Musicians and Music Educators, by Lemuel Berry (v. 1, Educational Book Pub., 1978) which claims in the foreward to "include all the major black performers since the 1900s." Woll, Allen L. Songs from Hollywood Musical Comedies, 1927 to the Present: A Dictionary. New York: Garland, 1976. 251 p. Index. Because Woll's purpose is to catalog the songs heard in musical films, he provides no biographical detail for the names of their creators and performers. But his work is useful in verifying the authorship of film music, and his coverage of songs and composers from American productions is more exhaustive than that in Stanley Green's Encyclopedia of the Musical Film. Woll's arrangement is alphabetical by show title, under which one finds song lists, release dates, prominent cast members, directors, composers and lyricists, and label numbers. Composers and lyricists are accessible through the index. Women in American Music: A Bibliography of Music and Literature. Adrienne Fried Block and Carol Neuls-Bates, comps. and eds. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1979. 302 p. Indexes. "American music" is a broad scope, but the section entitled "Stage Works" furnishes names (but no vital dates) and titles. OTHER RESOURCES Rodgers and Hammerstein Archives of Recorded Sound, New York Library for the Performing Arts. New York, NY 10023- 7410. Reference desk: (212) 870 1663. The Rodgers and Hammerstein Archives of Recorded Sound holds approximately 465,000 sound recordings. The reference staff is available to help with authority information from any sources that the Archive holds. 2/15/93